- Reputation or opinion about witness's bad character for truthfulness – A witness may be impeached by showing he has a bad reputation for truthfulness. A witness's bad character for truthfulness is a frequent subject of impeachment. A party may impeach a witness (target witness) on this ground by calling another witness (a character witness) to testify to the target's bad character for veracity.
- Form of testimony: It may include evidence of reputation in business circles as well as in the community in which the witness resides.
Evidence of specific acts = NOT ALLOWED.
- Any witness who has testified is subject to be impeached by this method, and extrinsic evidence is allowed.