Evidence: Testimonial Evidence: Witnesses: Opinion Testimony by Expert Witnesses: Authoritative Texts

• Authoritative Texts and Treaties in Aid of Expert Testimony: An expert may be cross-examined concerning statements contained in any publication established as reliable authority. The treaties can be used on direct or cross examination of an expert. They can be used to impeach an expert. They may be read to the jury as substantive evidence, but may not be introduced as an exhibit (may not be shown to jury).

• Establishing Authority of Learned Treaty:
• Testimony of your own expert that the treatise is authoritative
• Testimony of your opponent's expert that the treaties is authoritative,
• Judicial notice